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Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus

(F.Ritter ex R.Kiesling) N.P.Taylor (1998)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Cactaceae Genus: Cereus

hedge cactus

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Highly specialized, usually succulent plants arborescent, up to 6 m tall, branched, usually spiny, the spines variable in number, size, arrangement, and color, produced from specialized axillary structures (areoles).

Stems: Stems cylindrical, 10–20 cm in diameter, ribs 6–9, rarely fewer. areoles gray or brown, spines 6–8 per areole, brown or black, 1–4 cm long.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves absent. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary. Flowers bisexual (perfect), very rarely unisexual, actinomorphic or occasionally zygomorphic, nocturnal, 12–15 cm long, 8–10 cm in diameter. Sepaloid perianth green or slightly pinkish, narrowly oblong to narrowly lanceolate, 4–5 cm long, 0.9–1.2 cm wide; inner perianth parts white, oblanceolate, 4–5–7.5 cm long, 1–2 cm wide, receptacle tube with a few scales, the entire perianth deciduous after anthesis. Staminal filaments greenish; anthers dithecal, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary inferior, very rarely superior, 3-carpellate to many-carpellate, 1-celled; ovules numerous, on parietal placentas, usually campylotropous, naked or with a few scales; style 1, green, 7.5–10 cm long; stigma lobes 12–15, green, ca. 1 cm long.

Fruit: Fruit berries reddish or yellowish orange; fleshy; 5–7.5 cm long; 4.5–5 cm in diameter; smooth or with a few scales; splitting along 1 side and exposing a sweet white pulp; dehiscent. Seeds numerous; shiny black; reniform; endosperm present or absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 22

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Birds

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Cactaceae Consensus Init. 6: 15 (1998)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:417 (K [as C. uruguayanus]); Staples & Herbst 2005:210 (KEY), 211 (DESCR); Oppenheimer 2008:25 (EM); Lau & Frohlich 2013:6 (O); Acevedo-Rodríguez & Strong 2012:193 (Syn. C. uruguayanus = C. h. subsp. uruguayanus)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Kauai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Kauai BISH 1959-01-12
2 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Growing in shallow soil among large boulders in roadside berm. Lowland dry forest and savanna; currently a disturbed koa-haole/cactus thicket and open grassland. Mixed with other invasive species. Preserved_Specimen Branching tree, ca. 4-5m ht, 2m spread; unwinged (no flutes) trunk ca. 12+cm DBH. FLowers partly opened during day; fragrance faint but unpleasant (we didn't check whether they opened further at night.) McDowell, W. Kauai BISH 2002-11-03
3 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koko Crater Botanical Garden, east side of crater Dry lowland Prosopis/Leucaena forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree cactus with several ascending branches, about 3 m tall. OED 2012031201 Oahu BISH 2012-03-12
4 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Growing in shallow soil among large boulders in roadside berm. Lowland dry forest and savanna; currently a disturbed koa-haole/cactus thicket and open grassland. Mixed with other invasive species. Preserved_Specimen Branching tree, ca. 4-5m ht, 2m spread; unwinged (no flutes) trunk ca. 12+cm DBH. FLowers partly opened during day; fragrance faint but unpleasant (we didn't check whether they opened further at night.) McDowell, W. Kauai BISH 2002-11-03
5 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koko Crater Botanical Garden near trailhead of Crater Rim Trail, near Plumeria Leucaena-dominated mixed-alien scrub. Preserved_Specimen 2 meter tall upright succulent; branches upright or flopping over, tightly clustered and twisted. Plant green and glaucous, sometimes bluish green. OED 2012030802 Oahu BISH 2012-03-08
6 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Growing in shallow soil among large boulders in roadside berm. Lowland dry forest and savanna; currently a disturbed koa-haole/cactus thicket and open grassland. Mixed with other invasive species. Preserved_Specimen Branching tree, ca. 4-5m ht, 2m spread; unwinged (no flutes) trunk ca. 12+cm DBH. FLowers partly opened during day; fragrance faint but unpleasant (we didn't check whether they opened further at night.) McDowell, W. Kauai BISH 2002-11-03
7 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Poipu, Waiohai ~25 acre vacant lot Preserved_Specimen 4 m cacti; erect, thick base; 2-4 spines per areola on younger parts, 1-2 spines per areola on older parts; fruit smooth Dunn, L. 307 Kauai BISH 2003-10-17
8 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus East Maui, Wailuku District, Paeahu Sparingly naturalized in dry pasture dominated by Prosopis, Leucaena and Cenchrus. Vegetation: Erythrina, Hibiscus, Chamaesyce, Myoporum, Sida, Reynoldsia, Ipomoea. Preserved_Specimen Sparingly branched above middle, 4-6 ridges, spines confined to ridges; flowers single, arising from ridges, closed in mid-day. Oppenheimer, H.L. 70702 Maui BISH 2007-07-10
9 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Distr., road from Koloa to Poipu, at about 1 mi S of Koloa opposite Poipu Plaza shopping center Secondary thicket dominated by Leucaena leucocephala. Preserved_Specimen Candelabriform tree 4-5 m tall; stems blusih green, 6-ribbed, spines yellowish or reddish brown. Young plants collected. Lorence, D.H. 5137 Kauai BISH 1987-03-29
10 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus East Maui, Wailuku District, Paeahu Sparingly naturalized in dry pasture dominated by Prosopis, Leucaena and Cenchrus. Vegetation: Erythrina, Hibiscus, Chamaesyce, Myoporum, Sida, Reynoldsia, Ipomoea. Preserved_Specimen Sparingly branched above middle, 4-6 ridges, spines confined to ridges; flowers single, arising from ridges, closed in mid-day. Oppenheimer, H.L. 70702 Maui BISH 2007-07-10
11 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Sunset Beach, 58-15 Kaunali St rock garden Preserved_Specimen 3-6', branching cactus, nocturnal white flowers Weber, L. Oahu BISH 1977-04-02
12 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa District. Hapa Road Degraded or shrub line off of a road with Leucaena leucocephala, Ricinus communis, Asystasia gangetica, Thumbergia fragrans, Canavalia, Cissus verticillata, Megathyrsus maximus, Clusia rosea, Furcraea foetida Preserved_Specimen About 15 feet tall multi branched cactus with spines on older branches restrictions along the stem where it intense. With bud flour and immature fruit. Tangalin, N. 5185 Kauai BISH 2021-06-25
13 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Poipu, Waiohai vacent, ~25 acre lot Preserved_Specimen large, thick, upright succulent, large base, 3-6 m tall; large flowers pinish white, many stamens; quadangular stems; areolas with 5-6 spines, to 3 cm long; fruit pale, reduced scales Dunn, L. 293 Kauai BISH 2003-10-02
14 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Preserved_Specimen Tree approx. 18' high; trunk 12-15 diam., much branched; flrs not present now but said to develop ca. June. Au, S. Kauai BISH 1959-01-12
15 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Preserved_Specimen Tree approx. 18' high; trunk 12-15 diam., much branched; flrs not present now but said to develop ca. June. Au, S. Kauai BISH 1959-01-12
16 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Preserved_Specimen Tree approx. 18' high; trunk 12-15 diam., much branched; flrs not present now but said to develop ca. June. Au, S. Kauai BISH 1959-01-12
17 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Preserved_Specimen Tree approx. 18' high; trunk 12-15 diam., much branched; flrs not present now but said to develop ca. June. Au, S. Kauai BISH 1959-01-12
18 Cereus hildmannianus subsp. uruguayanus Koloa Preserved_Specimen Tree approx. 18' high; trunk 12-15 diam., much branched; flrs not present now but said to develop ca. June. Au, S. Kauai BISH 1959-01-12
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